What effect does lower voter turnout typically have on democracy?

Lower voter turnout can significantly undermine the legitimacy of elected officials. When fewer people participate in elections, the resulting government tends to represent a smaller portion of the population, which raises questions about the true level of support for those in power. This diminished voter participation suggests that a larger segment of the electorate may not have had their views and preferences expressed, leading to perceptions that elected leaders do not genuinely represent the interests of the public. Consequently, the government may be seen as lacking the broad consent necessary to carry out its policies effectively, which can erode public confidence in the democratic process itself and foster feelings of disengagement among citizens. This dynamic is crucial to understand, as it highlights the importance of encouraging voter participation to maintain a healthy and legitimate democratic system.